Spurgeon
and "The Voice of Cholera"
By Kai Soltau
In the past weeks and months, there have likely been few conversations that have not touched on at least some aspect of the Corona virus. At least brief mention of the current global crisis has undoubtedly made its way into the majority of the sermons that have been preached recently. And so it is not surprising that in the weeks that followed the arrival of the fourth and final Cholera pandemic of the 19th century in London (in June of 1866), Charles H. Spurgeon repeatedly referred to this terrible pandemic in his sermons. On August 12, Spurgeon dedicated an entire sermon to the topic under the title "The Voice of the Cholera." These sermons, undoubtedly, gain a new significance for us today in the
face of the world-wide Coronavirus pandemic.

The way in which Spurgeon repeatedly referred to the subject of cholera in the late summer of 1866 not only exhibits, in exemplary fashion, how he applied biblical texts to the context of his audience (he not only preached truth, but also applied it to his audience), but also how he viewed this pandemic in light of God's providence and the power of the gospel. On the basis of this select group of sermons, in which Spurgeon mentioned the cholera pandemic of 1866, we can derive seven lessons for us today about how we should think about the corona pandemic.
1
Without disregarding any epidemiological aspects of the spread of such a pandemic, we Christians should not forget the theological aspects of such a pandemic.
Spurgeon's above-mentioned sermon "The Voice of the Cholera" is based on Amos 3:3-6. The final verse reads: "Does disaster come to a city, unless the Lord has done it?" Based on this text, Spurgeon raises the following question and then goes on to comment upon it:
"Shall there be cholera in the city, and God hath not done it? My soul cowered down under the majesty of that question, as I read it; it seemed to stretch its black wings over my head, and had I not known them to be the wings of God, I should have been afraid. The text talked with me in this fashion:—It is not the cholera which has slain these hundreds, the cholera was but the sword; the hand which scattered death is the hand of a greater than mere disease. God himself is traversing London."
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 12), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1866, p. 453.
Earlier in this sermon, Spurgeon noted that the cholera pandemic was obviously spreading due to hygienic conditions, and therefore the sanitary aspects needed to be strictly observed ("The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 446). However, that fact does not invalidate the need to view and consider the pandemic theologically. Spurgeon even goes so far as to warn against not seeing God's hand in such
pandemics:
"On the other hand, it is even more common for those who look to natural causes alone to sneer at believers who view the disease as a mysterious scourge from the hand of God. It is admitted that it would be most foolish to neglect the appointed means of averting sickness; but sneer who may, we believe it to be equally an act of folly to forget that the hand of the Lord is in all this."
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 12), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1866, p. 446.
2
A pandemic is the visitation of God through which he wants to shake up our nation.
With regard to the aspect of judgment, Spurgeon does not want to be misunderstood. He does not see a pandemic of this kind as God's direct punishment of the individuals who became ill or even died due to the illness. Rather, Spurgeon makes it clear that a pandemic like this should be viewed as a national (in many cases, worldwide) punishment from God or as a means of getting people's attention (cf. "The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 446).
"O London! dost thou think that God's Sabbaths are for ever to be forgotten; that the voice of the gospel is to sound in thine ears, and for ever to be despised? Shalt thou for ever turn thy foot from God's house and despise the ministrations of his truth, and shall he not visit such a city as this? This dreaded cholera is but a gentle blow from his hand, but if it be not felt, and its lesson be not learnt, there may come instead of this a pestilence which may reap the multitude as corn is reaped with the sickle; or he may permit us to be ravaged by a pestilence worse than the plague; I mean the pestilence of deadly, soul-destroying error. He may remove the candle of his gospel out of its place, and may take away the bread of life from those who have despised it, and then, O great city! thy doom is sealed!"
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 12), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1866, p. 448.
Spurgeon was aware that, of course, we cannot always know with certainty why God brings a certain crisis to our nation. Nevertheless, we can be sure that God is indeed pursuing a goal with everything that he allows and everything that affects us and our country:
"We believe that God sends all pestilences, let them come how they may, and that he sends them with a purpose, let them be removed in whatever way they may; and we conceive that it is our business as ministers of God, to call the people's attention to God in the disease, and teach them the lesson which God would have them learn."
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 12), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1866, p. 446.
3
God would not try to get our attention through a pandemic if there were no good reason for it.
God does not bring misfortune over a nation for no reason. Amos 3—the text on which Spurgeon bases his sermon "The Voice of the Cholera"—also reiterates this point. It reads, "Does a lion roar in the forest, when he has no prey? Does a young lion cry out from his den, if he has taken nothing?" (Amos 3:4). Spurgeon relates this verse to the pandemic of 1866 as follows:
"My brethren, our God is too gracious to send us this cholera without a motive; and he is moreover too wise, for we all know that judgments frequently repeated lose their force. It is like the cry of 'Wolf,' if there be no meaning in it, men disregard it. God therefore never multiplies judgments unnecessarily. Besides, he is withal too great to trifle with men's lives. [...] Think you the Lord does this for nothing? The great Lion of vengeance has not roared unless sin has provoked him."
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 12), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1866, p. 450.
One thing is certain: God does not play with human lives. It is, therefore, all the more important that we consider what is moving God to send such a pandemic as we are experiencing at this time.
4
Often the things that we think of as severe judgments of God ultimately prove to be God's hidden grace.
While we may be aware that behind the scenes of a crisis of this magnitude, God is obviously and intentionally sending a wake-up call, it is also important to recognize that a judgment of this kind ultimately strives to reach a much larger goal—namely, that mankind return to God and experience his grace. Unfortunately, however, man is so ensnared in his sin and numbed by it that he might never turn away from his sin and his ways unless he is faced with the startling experience of such an epidemic or even a global pandemic (or other drastic experience). Spurgeon also made this point in another sermon in June 1866—about two months before the above-mentioned sermon. The text of this sermon was Micah 7:18: "Who is a God like you . . . [who] delights in steadfast love?" We can assume that Spurgeon delivered this sermon at a time when cholera had just recently arrived in London in 1866 and had not yet claimed many lives. The timing of this makes Spurgeon's comments on cholera all the more interesting.
"We would sin, even if sin were bitter to us. We would pursue our ruin at all risks and hazards, and yet he cried, 'How can I give thee up?' He turned to plead with us. A mother's voice pleaded; from the grave she pleaded. The fever came and preached to us on the sick-bed, and we heard it. The cholera came and preached; we heard its voice in the street; we saw its power in the frequent funerals that passed along through the city. The preacher came and spoke as best he could, and besought you, as a brother, that you would turn; that you would not perish, but would turn to God, and all these entreaties—these stretchings out of the hand, these wooings, and these tears which God has used upon you—have been all in vain till now, and you have sinned and revolted yet more and more. Doth he not delight in mercy to continue still to invite, still to mourn, and not to cut it short by destroying you altogether?"
C.H. Spurgeon
"A Sweet Salaam," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 58), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1912, p. 411.
In this sermon, Spurgeon also mentions the great fire of London (1666) as another example of how a terrible event can prove to be God's hidden grace for many people ("A Sweet Salaam," 1912, p. 413). He includes previous cholera epidemics during the lifetime of his listeners as a further example.
"I do not doubt that even cholera in our own times has been simply God's great sanitary commissioner, sent to London to warn us to cleanse this and sweep away that, that so on the whole life may last longer and mercy may prevail. Judge not God, then, by your feeble sense, wait awhile till you see his judgments in the long run, and then you shall discern how they are always seasoned with mercy, and love holds the sword."
C.H. Spurgeon
"A Sweet Salaam," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 58), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1912, p. 414.
5
As terrible as such a pandemic may be, God wants to use it to bring about revival and a return to God.
This disguised goodness of God, revealed in the midst of his judgments, is, of course, most clearly seen in the fact that God brings revival to both his church and an entire nation through terrible catastrophe. And exactly this was described by Spurgeon in a sermon in July 1866—just as he must have been hearing of the first cases of cholera in the East of London. His first thought was whether God would use this terrible crisis to bring revival to London.
"How we started with alarm, some of us, I mean, when we heard the other day that the cholera was actually in this country, and of cases reported very near to us. For my part, I thought, that terrible as such an affliction would be, perhaps God might overrule it to the waking up of the slumbering multitudes of this great city. I think everyone must have observed that during the time of such visitations there is a large measure of tenderness in the public mind. Men dare not play with eternal matters when they feel them to be so near, and when death comes in the next street, or the next house, or the next room, they cannot trifle life away as formerly they did."
C.H. Spurgeon
"Hiding among the Stuff," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 58), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1912, p. 471.
A few months later, in his sermon "The Voice of the Cholera," Spurgeon denounced the "vanity and frivolity" that had found its way into London society and refers back to the time of the Puritans when Christianity still played a decisive role in the life of the city. In this sermon, Spurgeon longs for revival and a return to God, and he regrets the fact that in this city "religion is very much trifled with, and the tone of the whole public press is just of this kind, that it is very much a matter of mere opinion, a matter of indifference." ("The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 452). If Spurgeon had this opinion of his own time, how much more does it apply to our present day.

Politicians are calling the corona pandemic the world's greatest challenge and most difficult time since World War II. In Europe and the Western world, at least, we look back on this time period since the second World War as a time without war or major international disasters. Instead, we look back—for the most part—on a time characterized by prosperity and progress. This is exactly where Spurgeon's sermon "The Voice of Cholera" becomes relevant, as he points out how such a national crisis can unsettle society and individuals alike, making them more receptive to God's message of salvation.
"But it is much to be feared that a constant run of prosperity, perpetual peace and freedom from disease, may breed in our minds just what it has done in all human minds before, namely, security and pride, heathenism and forgetfulness of God. It is a most solemn fact that human nature can scarcely bear a long continuance of peace and health. It is almost necessary that we should be every now and then salted with affliction, lest we putrefy with sin. God grant we may have neither famine, nor sword; but as we have pestilence in a very slight degree, it becomes us to ask the Lord to bless it to the people that a tenderness of conscience may be apparent throughout the multitude, and they may recognise the hand of God. Already I have been told by Christian brethren labouring in the east of London, that there is a greater willingness to listen to gospel truth, and that if there be a religious service it is more acceptable to the people now than it was; for which I thank God as an indication that affliction is answering its purpose. There was, perhaps, no part of London more destitute of the means of grace, and of the desire to use the means, than that particular district where the plague has fallen; and if the Lord shall but make those teeming thousands anxious to hear the gospel of Jesus, and teach them to trust in him, then the design will be answered; . . . May it be so, O Lord, for thy Son Jesus Christ's sake."
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 452–453.
Amos 3:6a states: "Is a trumpet blown in a city, and the people are not afraid?" Spurgeon likened the cholera pandemic of his day to exactly that: a trumpet that sounds to warn the people. Spurgeon observes something about his own time, which is probably even more true of today's Europe. The Christian voice—the trumpet—is hardly perceived anymore today. Even many of those that attend church regularly "hear as though they heard not"—God's Word has increasingly lost importance in their lives. If this is true, then certainly the great masses of our nation do not care about the message from our pulpits (see "The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 453).
"Disease, however, is a trumpet which must be heard. Its echoes reach the miserable garrets where the poor are crowded together, and have never heard nor cared for the name of Christ,—they hear the sound, and as one after another dies, they tremble. In the darkest cellar in the most crowded haunt of vice; ay! and in the palaces of kings, in the halls of the rich and great, the sound finds an entrance and the cry is raised, 'The death plague is come! The cholera is among us!' All men are compelled to hear the trumpet-voice—would to God they heard it to better purpose! Would to God all of us were aroused to a searching of heart, and, above all, led to fly to Christ Jesus, the great sacrifice for sin, and to find in him a rescue from the greater plague, the wrath to come!"
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 453.
6
Such a pandemic should bring us together to pray for revival and for God to spare our country from further harm.
If God allows a catastrophe like a pandemic, with the purpose of turning people back to himself, then the times of a crisis like ours must also be times when the church "comes together" (ironically, this has to take different forms in our current crisis) in special prayer to pray for revival. In his sermon, "The Voice of the Cholera," Spurgeon also calls for heartfelt prayer for God's intervention—with the plea that God protect people from even greater evil.
"We have all felt grieved when reading our bills of mortality to observe the mysterious spread of cholera in our great city. It is high time that it should be made the subject of special prayer, and that the nation should seek unto the Lord for its removal. While as yet there has been but comparatively little of the evil, we should be humbled under it, that we may be spared a greater outbreak."
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 445.
Here Spurgeon refers to the "greater outbreak" of the pandemic as the "evil, we should be humbled under." But as Spurgeon points out in the previous quote, we also ought to plead that God would „rescue [man] from the greater plague, the wrath to come!" (italics added; C.H. Spurgeon, "The Voice of the Cholera," 1866, p. 453.). Ultimately, it is the frightening reality that the masses are eternally damned. Now is the time for our churches to fervently intercede in prayer that the lost be spared from this ultimate great evil.
7
With this type of a pandemic causing us to consider our own mortality, it begs the question whether we (and also the people around us) are actually prepared to appear before our Creator and our Judge.
When a pandemic strikes a nation or city, its residents become more aware of the reality of death. With the risk of infection, comes the thought of death and the question of whether one is ready to die. And so a pandemic forces people to think about their own mortality—which can and should lead to the question of life after death. Spurgeon was, of course, also aware of this, and so, on the same Sunday that he preached about the "Voice of the Cholera" (August 12, 1866), he also preached a sermon that evening about the "The Great White Throne" Judgment (Rev 20:11). In view of the terrible pandemic that was raging in the East of London, the question for each of his listeners that evening was whether he or she would have to face death—and the subsequent encounter with God—with fear or with firm confidence. As Spurgeon argues, only the one who can bear the thought of dying can bear the thought of living forever.
"Brethren and sisters, I hope there are some of us who could go gladly to that judgment seat, even if we had to traverse the jaws of death to reach it. [...] It is easy to speak of full assurance, but, believe me, it is not quite so easy to have it in right down earnest in trying times. If some of you get the finger-ache your confidence oozes out at your joints, and if you have but a little sickness you think, 'Ah! it may be cholera, what shall I do?' Can you not bear to die, how then will you bear to live for ever? Could you not look death in the face without a shudder; then how will you endure the judgment? Could you gaze upon death, and feel that he is your friend and not your foe?"
C.H. Spurgeon
"The Great White Throne," in: The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons (Vol. 12), London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1866, p. 514.
These are seven of perhaps many lessons that provide insight into the way Spurgeon saw God at work in the cholera pandemic of 1866. Overall, Spurgeon saw much more in the pandemic than meets the eye: he was convinced that the hand of God—the "hand of a greater than the disease"—was wielding the sword of the cholera pandemic. However, he did not view the pandemic as merely a judgment from God—rather, he recognized God's hidden grace behind the pandemic—waking humanity from its complacency and drawing it to himself. Spurgeon was convinced that God would achieve his gracious purpose through this crisis—that his country should turn from its sin and turn once again to God's gospel and his grace. Ultimately, the final verse of his sermon text in "The Voice of the Cholera" Amos 3:6 informed Spurgeon's observations about the cholera pandemic of 1866, and it can just as aptly inform ours today as we consider the Corona virus pandemic of 2019/20:

"Does disaster come to a city, unless the Lord has done it?".
Guest Author: Dr. Kai Soltau
Pastor of Christus Gemeinde Wien and Council Member of Evangelium21
Kai pastors at Christus Gemeinde Wien and has served in various teaching roles with an emphasis on the Hebrew language and the Old Testament. Kai is also a council member of Evangelium21. This article was originally published in German at wortzentriert.at where he regularly blogs. If you'd like to read this article in German, please click this link.
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